The Ca, C and S atoms were the impurity ions that had nothing to do with corrosion of the anodic oxide film, and the etching liquid and liquid impurities were the main sources of them. Download : Download high-res image (199KB) Download : Download full-size image; Fig. 2. EDS analysis of anodic oxide film before and after salt spray corrosion.The through-hole porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membranes were fabricated by a simple two-step anodization of aluminum in 0.3 M oxalic acid, 0.3 M sulfuric acid, and 2 wt.% phosphoric acid ...Anodic oxide films were prepared by anodic oxidation on the surface of ADC12 aluminum alloy and their corrosion properties were explored. The original samples, anodized samples, and sealed samples ...Dec 15, 2022 · Solution-processed, NiO thin films have been synthesized via spin coating technique. Nickel nitrate hexahydrate and 2-Aminoethanol have been used as nickel precursor and oxidizing agent, respectively for depositing layers of NiO solution on the FTO substrate. Investigating the effect of NiO layers on morphological, structural, electrochromic properties has been observed. An X-Ray diffraction ... Mar 1, 2019 · It is usually white, but is sometimes pink (88% alumina) and brown (96% alumina). The composition of aluminum oxide can be easily changed to enhance certain desirable material characteristics such as the hardness or color. Aluminum oxide is an electrically insulating material with high resistivity that increases with purity. Aug 31, 2022 · The effect of Ti content in various concentrations as an alloying element with Al on both microhardness and crystallization structure of aluminum–titanium alloys was studied, utilizing x-ray diffraction (XRD) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). To study the electrochemical and corrosion performance of Al and its investigated alloys in 0.5 M solutions of HCl and H3PO4, two different ... In order to reduce the time required to prepare a tubular through-hole anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membrane, this study improved the manufacturing processes using one-step anodization.AAO membranes were first prepared by using 6063 commercial aluminum alloy tubes using an external anodizing method. The manufacturing …Nov 30, 2010 · Phosphoric Acid Anodizing. A common likely first step in a bond failure is hydration of the aluminum oxide layer. Phosphoric Acid Anodizing (PAA) was developed to improve bond reliability for “metal-bond” structure parts. The PAA process was established in the mid 1970’s as a reliable production process (Ref. 1). prolonging heat treatment during the sol-gel method for aluminum oxide membrane. Figure 2. Schematic for sol-gel process. Table 1 Influence of prolonging heat treatment during sol-gel method for aluminum oxide membrane. Sintering Temperature (0C) Pore size (nm) Porosity (%) Phases after thermal treatment 400 4.7 53 γ-Al 2 O 3 600 5.5 55 γ-Al ...Apr 27, 2018 · For example, large-area spatial tuning of the optical transition of bulk MoS 2 films is achieved by using an anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template to induce structural defects such as edge- and ... ox) of the composite anodic film was about 14% greater than that of the aluminum anodic oxide film. However, the leakage current (I) of the composite film was increased and its specific resistance (R ox) and withstanding voltage (U w) decreased relative to the aluminum anodic oxide film, probably due to the greater number of intrinsic defects.Anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) layers with nano-sized pores have been used as shadow masks for the fabrication of two-dimensional (2D) metal nanodot arrays (NDAs). However, the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of size-controlled NDAs fabricated using AAO masks has not been much studied.Aluminum alloy plays an important role in industrial applications, but has a high friction coefficient and a high wear rate. On the basis of anodic oxidation treatment on an aluminum alloy surface, copper nanowires are deposited into the anodic alumina membrane pores by direct current (DC) electrolytic treatment to prepare a composite …In a well-ventilated area, connect your aluminum to a power source and place it in a tub of a 1:1 mixture of distilled water and battery acid. Run the power to your aluminum for 45 minutes, then remove it from the tub. Place the anodized metal in a hot dye bath for 15 minutes afterward to dye. Part 1.1050 Anodized Aluminum Overview 1050 is one of the pure aluminum (unalloyed aluminum) series products, and the aluminum content must reach more than 99.5%. Anodizing is an electrolytic process that produces a dense, chemically stable, protective aluminum oxide film, so the surface of 1050 anodized aluminum becomes tougher and more wear-resistant. Aluminum anodizing is an electrolytic process used to increase the thickness of the tightly adhering oxide layer that forms naturally on any aluminum surface exposed to air. The anodized layer has a porous, ordered structure. This porosity makes it easy to perform secondary processes on anodized parts, such as coloring them with dye …Abstract. This work evaluates the dry sliding behavior of anodic aluminum oxides (AAO) formed during one traditional hard anodizing treatment (HA) and two golden hard anodizing treatments (named G and GP, respectively) on a EN AW-6060 aluminum alloy. Three different thicknesses of AAO layers were selected: 25, 50, and 100 μm.X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) studies were performed on Type II and on two (2) groups of composite anodized samples. The composite samples were exposed to different anodizing times. One group of samples was representative of the typical exposure time of 60 minutes and the other group was representative ... Nanoporous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) is an important template for 1D nanomaterial synthesis. It is used as an etching template for nanopattern transfer in a variety of contexts, including nanostructured material synthesis, electrical sensors, optical sensors, photonic and electronic devices, photocatalysis, and hardness and anticorrosion …Biosensor development has relied on the process of anodization of sputtered aluminum‑tantalum thin films to develop specific optical properties for interference color generation. The anodization of thin sputtered films of aluminum (140 nm) on tantalum (230 nm) on silicon was completed in 0.4 M phosphoric acid under potentiostatic conditions (4 …Anodizing. These carabiners have an anodized aluminium surface that has been dyed; they are made in many colours. Anodizing is an electrolytic passivation process used to increase the thickness of the natural oxide layer on the surface of metal parts. The process is called anodizing because the part to be treated forms the anode electrode of an ...A reliable, scalable, and inexpensive technology for the fabrication of ordered arrays of metal nanoparticles with large areal coverage on various substrates is presented. The nanoparticle arrays were formed on aluminum substrates using a two-step anodization process. By varying the anodization potential, the pore diameter, inter-pore spacing, and …The anodic oxidation of aluminium is an electrochemical technique that allows obtaining nanostructures with easily adjustable morphology depending on the synthesis variables, for its application in medicine, engineering, biotechnology, electronics, etc. In this work, low-cost aluminium oxide nanostructured films were synthesized and …In this review, the research conducted by the authors on anodic oxide films on aluminum is described, paying particular attention to how the electric field strength, as a factor other than voltage, controls the nanostructures and properties of the films. It will also be indicated what factors contribute to the formation of defects, which, in contrast to the …Nanoporous anodic aluminium oxide has traditionally been made in one of two ways: mild anodization or hard anodization. The first method produces self-ordered pore structures, but it is slow and ...Anodic oxide films were prepared by anodic oxidation on the surface of ADC12 aluminum alloy and their corrosion properties were explored. The original samples, anodized samples, and sealed samples ...Anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) with matrix arrays of pores was obtained using nanoimprint and anodizing. Si 3 N 4 imprint stamps were fabricated using electron-beam lithography. The Si 3 N 4 stamps were imprinted into Al films grown on Si wafers by applying a force of 250 kg for 10 s. Two different diameters (45 and 80 nm) and two …Aluminum alloys used for aerospace applications provide good strength to weight ratio at a reasonable cost but exhibit only limited corrosion resistance. Therefore, …Moreover, with the addition of composite organic acid into the sulfuric acid-based electrolyte solution, the anions (C 6 H 5 O 7 3 −, C 4 H 4 O 6 2 −) that incorporated into the anodic oxide contribute to lowering the electronic current and thus suppressing the formation of oxygen bubbles, resulting in a thicker barrier-type anodic aluminum oxide …Anodic aluminium oxide, anodic aluminum oxide ( AAO ), or anodic alumina is a self-organized form of aluminium oxide that has a honeycomb -like structure formed by high …#2 Aluminum oxide’s three-dimensional crystalline structure refracts and reflects the natural light distinctively. Light strikes anodized aluminum and interacts differently with colored and uncolored metal parts. As a result of their interactions with different surfaces, the light that reaches your eye has varying wavelengths.of the anodic oxide layer and: (a) J, T for Cox=10 g¢L¡1 and Csul=160 g¢L¡1; (b) oxalic acid concentration for T=20–C, J=1.5 A¢dm¡2 and Csul=160 g¢L¡1 As can be seen, anodic oxide layers ...The anodized layer growth in H 2 SO 4 2 mol L −1 on three different aluminium alloys (1050, 7175, 2618) is investigated by in-situ electrochemical methods and ex-situ characterization techniques.. SEM observations of the anodic films indicate that they contain defects related to the size and the composition of the intermetallic phases …of the anodic oxide layer and: (a) J, T for Cox=10 g¢L¡1 and Csul=160 g¢L¡1; (b) oxalic acid concentration for T=20–C, J=1.5 A¢dm¡2 and Csul=160 g¢L¡1 As can be seen, anodic oxide layers ...In a well-ventilated area, connect your aluminum to a power source and place it in a tub of a 1:1 mixture of distilled water and battery acid. Run the power to your aluminum for 45 minutes, then remove it from the tub. Place the anodized metal in a hot dye bath for 15 minutes afterward to dye. Part 1.The anodization of aluminum is an electro-chemical process that changes the surface chemistry of the metal, via oxidation, to produce an anodic oxide layer. During this process a self organized, highly ordered array of cylindrical shaped pores can be produced with controllable pore diameters, periodicity and density distribution. This …In order to fine tune the morphology of an anodic network, the understanding of the basic electrochemical mechanisms involved is required. The purpose of the present paper is to study the formation of the anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) on 5657 aluminum alloy in H 3 PO 4 when varying the electrolyte concentration (0.1 M – 2 M) and the …Common Defects. Bright areas on anodic coating surrounded by black or darker area. Usually no anodic film or very soft film present in the defective area. Poor electrical contact between rack/jig and the part. Pits formed on all surfaces of part. Relatively deep and usually black in appearance. There is no anodic film over the pits.Aluminum alloy plays an important role in industrial applications, but has a high friction coefficient and a high wear rate. On the basis of anodic oxidation treatment on an aluminum alloy surface, copper nanowires are deposited into the anodic alumina membrane pores by direct current (DC) electrolytic treatment to prepare a composite …This review proposes to carry out a state-of-the-art associated with micro-arc oxidation. Firstly, the different aspects of the growth mechanisms of the oxides are detailed. Then, the formation of micro-arcs and the case of soft-spark treatment are discussed. Then, the electrolytic reactions involved in the layer construction are outlined. We focused on …The anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template technique enables the diameter, length, and cap structure control of the replicated CNTs, and thus shows advantages in pore structure control over the traditional CNT growth approaches. This review details the synthesis of CNTs with tunable diameter, length, wall thickness, and crystalline by using …Nano-porous anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) films were prepared by secondary anodization, and these AAO films were subjected to argon ion treatment with …The fabrication of porous AAO membranes with nanostructures mainly follows a two-step electrochemical anodization process [] after proper pretreatments [23, 24].The aluminum foils are initially covered by natural oxide layers and surface roughness caused by thermal and mechanical processes [].To minimize the impact of these defects …Nov 23, 2022 · By Team Xometry. November 23, 2022. 7 min read. Black anodizing refers to the process of anodizing an aluminum part and then dying it black using a suitable dye. This must not be confused with black oxide coating which is unsuitable for aluminum parts. Anodized aluminum has improved wear and corrosion properties, while black anodized parts have ... Wholesale Perforated punching hole aluminum material fencing panels, Find Complete Details about Wholesale Perforated punching hole aluminum material fencing panels, aluminum fence panels wholesale, Punching arrangement modeling aluminum plate, Powder coated and PVDF coating from Other Curtain Wall Accessories Supplier or Manufacturer-Tianjin Maynowei New material Technology Co., Ltd Etched aluminum foil for aluminum electrolytic capacitor was first boiled in water for different time to form hydrous film on Al foil and then anodized in H3BO4 solution at 530 V to form anodic oxide barrier film as insulating dielectric layer. The obtained films were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission …Jan 12, 2021 · Types of Sound Absorbing Materials. Acoustic absorption is the process by which sound energy is dissipated and transformed into another form of energy: heat, mechanical, or deformation. From a scientific standpoint, there are three primary types of sound absorbers: porous, membrane, and resonance. A number of sound-absorbing materials exist. Mar 1, 2020 · Based on similarities in the depth profiles of carbon in anodic oxide films on aluminum anodized in oxalic acid reported by Fukuda , and the depth profile reported for phosphorus in anodic oxide films on aluminum anodized in phosphoric [69,102], it might be concluded that the oxalate ion (C 2 O 4 2−) like the phosphate ion (PO 4 3−) are ... Jun 26, 2020 · Aluminum is a material widely used in aeronautical and transport industries due to its excellent mechanical and corrosion resistance properties. Unfortunately, aluminum alloys are susceptible to corrosion, which limits their use in some corrosive environments. The aim of this work is to characterize hard coat film fabricated by anodizing in a citric–sulfuric acid system using electrochemical ... The through-hole porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membranes were fabricated by a simple two-step anodization of aluminum in 0.3 M oxalic acid, 0.3 M sulfuric acid, and 2 wt.% phosphoric acid ...The anodic aluminum plate is oxidized and a thin layer of aluminum oxide with a thickness of 5~20 microns is formed on the surface. The hard anodic oxide film can reach 60~200 microns.To increase the density of the micro-arc oxide coating, AA 1060 samples were pretreated with an anodic oxide film in an oxalic acid solution. Plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) was performed to investigate the effect of the thickness of the pre-anodic oxide film on the soft-sparking mechanism. The experimental results revealed that the …a–c, Transmission electron microscopy cross-sections of anodic alumina films after anodizing in 0.4 M H 3 PO 4 at 4.5 mA cm −2 for 17 s (a), 34 s (b) and 55 s (c) (ref. 10). d, Power spectral ...Anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) layers with nano-sized pores have been used as shadow masks for the fabrication of two-dimensional (2D) metal nanodot arrays (NDAs). However, the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of size-controlled NDAs fabricated using AAO masks has not been much studied.We have calculated and modeled dilatometric sensors based on thin substrates of anodic aluminum oxide (AOA) with sensitive elements in the form of …Abstract. The anodization of aluminum is an electro-chemical process that changes the surface chemistry of the metal, via oxidation, to produce an anodic oxide layer. During this process a self organized, highly ordered array of cylindrical shaped pores can be produced with controllable pore diameters, periodicity and density distribution.The annealing post-treatment was performed on anodized samples in an air atmosphere (Linn High Term VMK-39-5). The samples were heated at 900 °C with a heating rate of 10 °C min −1.Then, once ...Although typical anodic aluminum oxide is weak against alkaline solution. 43,44 we previously found that pure aluminum specimens covered with a porous oxide film formed by anodizing in etidronic acid exhibited a high corrosion-resistant property in a concentrated alkaline solution due to the presence of the thick barrier layer. 45 On the …AC-etched aluminum foils for an Al electrolytic capacitor were covered with a TiO2 film by a sol–gel coating and then anodized to 25 V in an ammonium adipate solution. The structure, properties, and performance of the anodic oxide films were examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy …Complimenting our September 2019 International Patent Calendar (which focused mostly on methods of anodizing aluminum), this month’s collection of patents focuses on special applications of anodized aluminum surfaces. The uniqueness of anodized aluminum oxide coatings in terms of their chemical, physical, and mechanical …Aug 31, 2022 · The effect of Ti content in various concentrations as an alloying element with Al on both microhardness and crystallization structure of aluminum–titanium alloys was studied, utilizing x-ray diffraction (XRD) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). To study the electrochemical and corrosion performance of Al and its investigated alloys in 0.5 M solutions of HCl and H3PO4, two different ... The leakage current through the anodic aluminum oxide films is a key performance criterion for the capacitors. A lower leakage current means the excellent …Anodic oxide sound-absorbing punching hole carved aluminum plate in scenic spot, Find Complete Details about Anodic oxide sound-absorbing punching hole carved aluminum plate in scenic spot, sound-absorbing aluminum veneer, air-shaped perforated aluminum plate, Site pierced steel plate enclosure from Other Curtain Wall Accessories Supplier or Manufacturer-Tianjin Maynowei New material ... The conditions applied during the electrochemical polishing of aluminum were found to be important parameters for the successive formation of nanoporous alumina films. First, a high-purity Al foil was electrochemically polished in an aqueous solution containing C2H5OH and HClO4 at various sets of conditions, such as applied potential (5–35 V), temperature …The primary objective of this research was to employ the response surface methodology to optimize the thickness and microhardness of anodic aluminum oxide formed on 6061-T6 Aluminum Alloy. Additionally, a comparative analysis of the corrosion resistance and microhardness of the anodized coating was conducted, utilizing both …Anodic alumina oxide (AAO): a layer formed by anodization in an acid electrolyte at temperatures (0 - 35˚C) and various anodizing potentials (30 – 65 V) (Zaraska, 2014) Chemical etching: in this study, this is accomplished using both alkaline (e.g., sodium hydroxide) and acid solutions. All machining oils, greases, and other surfaceAluminum anodizing is an electrolytic process used to increase the thickness of the tightly adhering oxide layer that forms naturally on any aluminum surface exposed to air. The anodized layer has a porous, ordered structure. This porosity makes it easy to perform secondary processes on anodized parts, such as coloring them with dye …May 25, 2015 · The Ca, C and S atoms were the impurity ions that had nothing to do with corrosion of the anodic oxide film, and the etching liquid and liquid impurities were the main sources of them. Download : Download high-res image (199KB) Download : Download full-size image; Fig. 2. EDS analysis of anodic oxide film before and after salt spray corrosion. Guo Y., Zhang L., Han M., Wang X., Xie J. and Deng L. 2018 The effect of ethylene glycol on pore arrangement of anodic aluminium oxide prepared by hard anodization R. Soc. Open Sci. 5 171412. Crossref Google Scholar [24.] Ono S., Saito M., Ishiguro M. and Asoh H. 2004 Controlling factor of self-ordering of anodic porous alumina JJun 13, 2014 · Multipolar Resonances of Ag Nanoparticle Arrays in Anodic Aluminum Oxide Nanochannels for Enhanced Hot Spot Intensity and Signal-to-Background Ratio in Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering. ACS Applied Nano Materials 2020 , 3 (5) , 4477-4485. To increase the density of the micro-arc oxide coating, AA 1060 samples were pretreated with an anodic oxide film in an oxalic acid solution. Plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) was performed to investigate the effect of the thickness of the pre-anodic oxide film on the soft-sparking mechanism. The experimental results revealed that the …Jun 26, 2020 · Aluminum is a material widely used in aeronautical and transport industries due to its excellent mechanical and corrosion resistance properties. Unfortunately, aluminum alloys are susceptible to corrosion, which limits their use in some corrosive environments. The aim of this work is to characterize hard coat film fabricated by anodizing in a citric–sulfuric acid system using electrochemical ... For the formation of anodic alumina nanofibers, 4N aluminum plates were anodized in a concentrated pyrophosphoric acid solution at 25–75 V. The morphology of the anodic oxide successively changed to barrier oxide, porous oxide, nanofibers, bundle structures with many nanofibers, and then weak nanofibers during anodizing. This review proposes to carry out a state-of-the-art associated with micro-arc oxidation. Firstly, the different aspects of the growth mechanisms of the oxides are detailed. Then, the formation of micro-arcs and the case of soft-spark treatment are discussed. Then, the electrolytic reactions involved in the layer construction are outlined. We focused on …The simplest micro-perforated absorber (MPA) consists of one micro-perforated panel (MPP) as shown in Fig. 1 and a hermetically sealed air cavity of length \(L_{\textrm{c}}\) with a sound hard back plane (cf. Fig. 2 (b)) [].Within the slit-shaped micro-perforations (cf. Fig. 1 (a, b)) of the plate itself the kinetic wave energy of a plane …The overall water decomposition reaction is the reverse process of the water production reaction in a hydrogen fuel cell, in which H flows around the anode to be oxidised in the hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) and O flows around the cathode to be reduced in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). In addition, the depth and width of fluctuation along the sliding direction can illustrate the changes of the wear resistance. 19, 20 Therefore, it can be obtained from Fig. 8 (b1), 8 (c1) and Table 5 that the wear tracks of composite anodic oxide films formed at 1.0 Hz and 2.0 Hz are obviously narrower (0.251 mm and 0.383 mm), and the surfaces of …Anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) nanotemplates were prepared using the Al/Si substrates with an aluminum layer thickness of about 300 nm. A two-step anodization process was used to prepare an ordered porous alumina nanotemplate, and the pores of various sizes and depths were constructed electrochemically through anodic oxidation. …The anodic oxide film showed good insulating properties as a resist mask during electrochemical etching in the solution. A hemicylindrical microgroove with thin free-standing anodic oxide on the groove was fabricated by electrochemical etching, and the groove showed a smooth surface with a calculated mean roughness of 0.2–0.3 μm.
Abstract. This work evaluates the dry sliding behavior of anodic aluminum oxides (AAO) formed during one traditional hard anodizing treatment (HA) and two golden hard anodizing treatments (named G and GP, respectively) on a EN AW-6060 aluminum alloy. Three different thicknesses of AAO layers were selected: 25, 50, and 100 μm.. Buchungsoption
Anodic film growth on a Ti alloy in water-containing ethylene glycol electrolyte with addition of fluoride (0.016–0.17 mol dm−3) was investigated using electrochemical and surface analytical techniques. Steady-state current–potential curves and electrochemical impedance spectra as depending on potential and fluoride content …Anodized Aluminum 101: Here are 10 Important Questions Answered. You’ve likely seen anodized aluminum products in your daily life. Anodizing is an easy way to add corrosion protection and a splash of color to aluminum. You’ll find this finish on sports equipment, automotive parts, handheld devices, and a wide range of other products.We prepared anodic aluminium oxide (AAO) templates with “honeycomb” geometry, i.e. hexagonally ordered circular pores. The structures were extensively studied and characterized by EPMA coupled with FEG-SEM and FEG-TEM coupled with EDX at meso and nanoscopic scales, in other words, at the scale of a single basic cell making …Northbrook, IL 60065-0622, USA. (December, 2002) An oxide film can be grown on certain metals – aluminum, niobium, tantalum, titanium, tungsten, zirconium – by an electrochemical process called anodizing. For each of these metals there are process conditions which promote growth of a thin, dense, barrier oxide of uniform thickness.In order to reduce the time required to prepare a tubular through-hole anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membrane, this study improved the manufacturing processes using one-step anodization.AAO membranes were first prepared by using 6063 commercial aluminum alloy tubes using an external anodizing method. The manufacturing …The process of anodization was performed in 16% wt. sulfuric acid water solution with a lead cathode. The investigated samples were prepared using the procedure described above at a fixed process time of 20 min and different current densities in the range of 5–20 mA cm −2.. After anodization, the porous oxide surfaces were sealed in water at …a–e shows TEM images of vertical cross-sections of anodic films formed in 0.3-mol·dm −3 oxalic acid at 40 V for 2.5, 10, 30, 60, and 120 s, respectively. Each time point is presented on the I–t curve. Anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates have been intensively investigated during the past decades and have meanwhile been widely applied through …This study investigated the effect of second-phase particles on the galvanic corrosion of anodized 6061 aluminum alloys coupled with C1100 copper alloys. The AA6061 alloys were solution treated at ...Aofu Wiremesh Herringbone Hole Punching Mesh Suppliers 20m Length Galvanized Perforated Sheet China 0.8-100mm Aperture Aluminum Alloy Punching Mesh FOB Price: US $5-8 / Square Meter 1. When the aluminum material enters the electrophoresis tank, bubbles or air on the surface of the paint solution are drawn in;2. There is air entrainment in the circulating system;3. The cathode shielding is …One key answer is anodizing, a fascinating electrochemical process that enhances the performance of metal surfaces by forming a durable and corrosion-resistant oxide layer. Anodizing gives the metal excellent corrosion resistance and increases its hardness, wear resistance and decoration. This article will take you through the process ...Aluminium oxide is on the EPA's Toxics Release Inventory list if it is a fibrous form. Amphoteric nature. Aluminium oxide is an amphoteric substance, meaning it can react with both acids and bases, such as hydrofluoric acid and sodium hydroxide, acting as an acid with a base and a base with an acid, neutralising the other and producing a salt. Figure 1 shows the morphology characteristics of 2024 aluminum alloy and different anodic oxide films. The prepared anodic oxide films with and without CeO 2 nanoparticles are all completely covered with porous alumina which is also reported in some papers [17-20]. However, in the condition of without CeO 2.